Will people still need to work?

Q749 answers2017-2026
Short answer

He said he struggles with the question. People may find ways to be happy the way retirees do even without work.

From his 2026-10 answer in Elon Musk: "Humans Won't Be in Control" When AI Becomes Smarter Than Us. Summary is ours; see the quotes below.

All 49 answers, oldest to newest

2017 · 3 answers
🎙 Interview · 2017-02 · World Government Summit · asked by Mohammed Al Gergawi (World Government Summit) · watch at 22:49 · transcript ·
Mass unemployment from automation will be a massive social challenge. Ultimately we will have to have some kind of universal basic income. He does not think we will have a choice.
"some kind of universal basic income I don't think we're going to have a choice"
🎙 Interview · 2017-02 · World Government Summit · asked by Mohammed Al Gergawi (World Government Summit) · watch at 23:09 · transcript ·
There will be fewer and fewer jobs that a robot cannot do better. Goods will be abundant and cheap. The harder challenge is how people then have meaning, because a lot of people derive meaning from employment.
"There will be fewer and fewer jobs that a robot cannot do better"
🎙 Interview · 2017-07 · National Governors Association · asked by governors / Ina Fried (Axios) · watch at 25:48 · transcript ·
There will be a lot of job disruption because robots will be able to do everything better than us, including all of us. About 12% of jobs are transport, which will be one of the first things to go fully autonomous.
"robots will be able to do everything better than us"
2018 · 1 answer
𝕏 post · 2018-06-15 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @Jack_Frodo · open post ·
Says universal income will be necessary if AI takes over most human jobs.
"Universal income will be necessary over time if AI takes over most human jobs"
2019 · 1 answer
🎙 Interview · 2019-08 · World Artificial Intelligence Conference · asked by Jack Ma / WAIC moderator · watch at 21:48 · transcript ·
He said over time AI will make jobs kind of pointless. Probably the last job that will remain will be writing AI software, and then eventually the AI will write its own software. He would recommend studying engineering or physics, or working on something where people want to interact with other people.
"over time a I will make jobs kind of work pointless"
2021 · 3 answers
🎙 Interview · 2021-08 · Tesla AI Day 2021 · asked by Tesla (Q&A) · watch at 2:10:38 · transcript ·
He said in the future physical work will be a choice.
"in the future physical work will be a choice"
🎙 Interview · 2021-08 · Tesla AI Day 2021 · asked by Tesla (Q&A) · watch at 2:10:18 · transcript ·
He said long term there will need to be universal basic income.
"long term that there will need to be universal basic income"
🎙 Interview · 2021-12 · WSJ CEO Council Summit · asked by WSJ interviewer · watch at 46:54 · transcript ·
He said that in a benign AI scenario, AI will be able to make goods and services very inexpensively.
"Assuming that we're in a benign AI scenario, I think the AI will be able to make goods and services very inexpensively."
2022 · 2 answers
🎙 Interview · 2022-04 · Elon Musk: A future worth getting excited about | TED · asked by Chris Anderson · watch at 26:39 · transcript ·
He would not worry about putting people out of a job; there is already a massive labor shortage, and it will be a world of abundance.
"I wouldn't worry about the sort of, putting people out of a job thing"
🎙 Interview · 2022-04 · Tesla Cyber Rodeo (Giga Texas opening) · asked by Tesla · watch at 52:43 · transcript ·
He said Optimus will obviate what an economy even means and do anything humans don't want to do.
"Optimus will obviate what it even means, what an economy even means"
2023 · 7 answers
𝕏 post · 2023-04-09 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @PeterDiamandis · open post ·
Asked Would you support UBI, given pace of change in AI, he said after AGI, yes
"After AGI, yes"
𝕏 post · 2023-07-03 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @micsolana · open post ·
Asked our chaotic AI discourse is entirely determined by incentives. do our expert talking he..., he said not clear what money means even in a benign, post-scarcity AGI scenario
"Not clear what money means even in a benign, post-scarcity AGI scenario"
🎙 Interview · 2023-11 · In Conversation with Rishi Sunak · asked by Rishi Sunak · watch at 15:46 · transcript ·
There will come a point where no job is needed. You can have a job if you want for personal satisfaction, but the AI will be able to do everything.
"there will come a point where no job is needed"
𝕏 post · 2023-11-19 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @wholemars · open post ·
He said we should dispense with the false idea that money is somehow relevant in an AGi future
"We should dispense with the false idea that money is somehow relevant in an AGi future"
🎙 Interview · 2023-12 · Atreju Festival · asked by Atreju Festival interviewer · watch at 25:42 · transcript ·
The good part of AI is a future of abundance: AI and robotics will mean there is no shortage of goods and services.
"AI and robotics will mean that there are no shortage of goods and services"
🎙 Interview · 2023-12-21 · X Spaces with Cathie Wood (ARK Invest) (2023) · asked by Cathie Wood · watch at 1:18:46 · transcript ·
He says growing the output of goods and services matters more than redistribution, because productivity leads to prosperity.
"Productivity is really the thing that leads to prosperity."
𝕏 post · 2023-12-26 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @TheRabbitHole · open post ·
He said there will be universal high income, not basic, in a positive AI future. No scarcity, except that which we define to be scarce. In that scenario, everyone can have whatever goods & services they want. It is less clear...
"There will be universal high income, not basic, in a positive AI future. No scarcity, except that which we define to be scarce. In that scenario, everyone can have whatever goods & services they want. It is less clear how we will find meaning in a world where work is"
2024 · 7 answers
🎙 Interview · 2024-05 · FULL ELON MUSK TALK AT VIVA TECHNOLOGY 2024 · asked by Maurice Lévy (VivaTech) · watch at 34:46 · transcript ·
In the benign scenario (~80% likely) there is universal high income and no shortage of goods and services; the question becomes one of meaning.
"the question will really be one of meaning"
𝕏 post · 2024-05-19 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @MarioNawfal · open post ·
He said there will be universal high income (not basic)
"There will be universal high income (not basic)"
𝕏 post · 2024-06-27 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @MarioNawfal · open post ·
He said i think it will be universal high income
"I think it will be universal high income"
🎙 Interview · 2024-07-23 · Tesla Q2 2024 earnings call (2024) · asked by Tesla Investor Relations · watch at 35:27 · transcript ·
He says that in the benign AI scenario we are headed for an age of abundance with no shortage of goods and services.
"in the benign AI scenario we are headed for an age of abundance where there was no shortage of goods and services."
🎙 Interview · 2024-09 · Elon Musk | All-In Summit 2024 · asked by All-In hosts (live, All-In Summit) · watch at 40:45 · transcript ·
AI plus robotics will drive the cost of goods and services toward zero; the bigger challenge may be finding meaning.
"how do we find meaning in a world where AI can do everything we can do a bit better"
🎙 Interview · 2024-10 · Tesla We, Robot event · asked by Tesla · watch at 22:07 · transcript ·
He said the cost of products and services will decline dramatically and anyone will be able to have what they want.
"The cost of products and services will decline dramatically and basically anyone will be able to have any products and services they want."
𝕏 post · 2024-10-21 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @JohnStossel · open post ·
Asked What happens if you give people free money, he said my comment about needing UBI is in the context of a future where we have robots that can do all manual labor, not present day. In a good AI future, we will effectively have universal high income, not basic.
"My comment about needing UBI is in the context of a future where we have robots that can do all manual labor, not present day. In a good AI future, we will effectively have universal high income, not basic."
2025 · 14 answers
🎙 Interview · 2025-01-29 · Tesla Q4 and full year 2024 earnings call (2025) · asked by Tesla Investor Relations · watch at 39:22 · transcript ·
He says the robot is happy to do the boring, dangerous, repetitive tasks that no humans want to do.
"the robot's totally happy to do the boring, dangerous, repetitive task that no, no humans want to do."
🎙 Interview · 2025-02 · LIVE: Elon Musk speaks at Dubai's World Governments Summit · asked by World Governments Summit interviewer · watch at 19:10 · transcript ·
Once you have humanoid robots and deep intelligence you can produce essentially unlimited products and services.
"once you once you have uh humanoid robots um and deep intelligence you can basically"
🎙 Interview · 2025-03 · ELON UNCUT - THE COMPLETE INTERVIEW | Verdict Ep. 216 · asked by Ted Cruz / Ben Ferguson · watch at 22:48 · transcript ·
Tens of billions of robots will make anything or provide any service for basically next to nothing, so goods and services become as close to free as possible.
"Goods goods and services will become as close to free"
🎙 Interview · 2025-07 · Elon Musk Interview | The Future, Engineered | X Takeover 2025 · asked by Tesla Owners Silicon Valley (John and Kelvin) · watch at 1:07:47 · transcript ·
He treats this as a central question. If humans merge with AI, irrelevance can be addressed the way cars did not make running irrelevant: people still race even though machines are faster.
"we may be able to address the relevance question"
𝕏 post · 2025-08-24 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @zdenDuran14 · open post ·
Asked how unemployed people will live when robots replace work, he said there will be universal high income, not merely basic income, and everyone will have the best medical care, food, home, transport and everything else: sustainable abundance.
"There will be universal high income (not merely basic income). Everyone will have the best medical care, food, home, transport and everything else. Sustainable abundance."
🎙 Interview · 2025-10 · Joe Rogan Experience #2404 - Elon Musk · asked by Joe Rogan · watch at 2:37:27 · transcript ·
Digital desk jobs go first "like lightning"; physical work lasts longer. Ultimately working becomes optional, and in a benign scenario there is universal high income, not just UBI, with a lot of disruption along the way.
"working will be optional uh because you'll have robots plus AI"
𝕏 post · 2025-10-21 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @PeterDiamandis · open post ·
He said working will be optional in the future and there will be universal high income.
"Working will be optional in the future. There will be universal high income."
🎙 Interview · 2025-11 · Elon Musk: A Different Conversation w/ Nikhil Kamath | People by WTF Ep. 16 · asked by Nikhil Kamath · watch at 30:26 · transcript ·
Within less than 20 years working will be optional, like growing your own vegetables.
"working will be optional"
🎙 Interview · 2025-11 · Ron Baron and Elon Musk Discuss the Future · asked by Ron Baron · watch at 4:30 · transcript ·
The hard question is how to derive meaning if robots can do everything. Chess shows machines can already beat Magnus Carlsen on a phone, yet chess popularity is at all-time highs — people can still enjoy doing it.
"But yet chess is at all-time highs in popularity"
🎙 Interview · 2025-11 · US-Saudi Investment Forum · asked by Moderator · watch at 7:28 · transcript ·
In 10-20 years work will be optional, like growing vegetables in the backyard; money stops being relevant, with remaining constraints on electricity and mass.
"work will be optional"
𝕏 post · 2025-11-16 · @elonmusk on X · open post ·
He said Optimus will eliminate poverty and provide universal high income for all.
"Optimus will eliminate poverty and provide universal high income for all"
🎙 Interview · 2025-12 · Elon Musk on DOGE, AI, & Are we in a Simulation? | KMP Ep.18 · asked by Katie Miller · watch at 8:44 · transcript ·
If AI and robotics keep going, they will supply any goods and services people want; work becomes optional. He stresses that is a prediction, not a wish — he would slow AI if he could.
"People people will be able to do whatever they want with their free time. Um work will be optional."
𝕏 post · 2025-12-16 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @DarrigoMelanie · open post ·
Responding to a list of social programs he could fund, he said Optimus, FSD and AI will provide all the things demanded.
"Ironically, Optimus, FSD and AI will provide all the things this moocher demands"
𝕏 post · 2025-12-17 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @RayDalio · open post ·
On a Dell-backed savings account, he said there will be no poverty in the future so no need to save money, and that there will be universal high income.
"It is certainly a nice gesture of the Dells, but there will be no poverty in the future and so no need to save money. There will be universal high income."
2026 · 11 answers
🎙 Interview · 2026-01 · Conversation with Elon Musk | World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2026 · asked by Larry Fink · watch at 12:01 · transcript ·
In the benign case robots and AI saturate all human needs. You cannot have both mandatory scarce work and amazing abundance for all; if work must be done by only some people, abundance is narrow.
"You can't have work that has to be done uh um and uh amazing abundance for all"
🎙 Interview · 2026-01 · Elon Musk on AGI Timeline, US vs China, Job Markets, Clean Energy & Humanoid Robots | 220 · asked by Peter Diamandis · watch at 1:03:14 · transcript ·
White-collar work goes first because it only changes bits; anything short of shaping atoms, AI can already do probably half or more of those jobs, though inertia delays replacement. He expects a bumpy transition with both prosperity and social unrest, then people can have whatever they want.
"AI can do probably half or more of those jobs right now."
🎙 Interview · 2026-02 · Elon Musk – "In 36 months, the cheapest place to put AI will be space" · asked by Dwarkesh Patel (with co-hosts) · watch at 1:15:27 · transcript ·
Purely AI and robotics corporations will vastly outperform those with humans in the loop.
"Corporations that are purely AI and robotics will vastly outperform any corporations that have people in the loop"
🎙 Interview · 2026-03 · Abundance Summit · asked by Peter Diamandis · watch at 15:18 · transcript ·
He put a good AI future at about 80% likely and said universal high income means issuing money because goods and services will grow faster than the money supply, causing deflation.
"I do think we'll have universal high income"
🎙 Interview · 2026-05 · Samson International Smart Mobility Summit (Tel Aviv) · asked by Daniela Gozlan Margaliot · watch at 4:29 · transcript ·
More robots than people should bring universal high income, not UBI, though meaning is the larger question when AI can do anything better.
"universal high income"
🎙 Interview · 2026-07 · The full-length interview with Elon Musk | The Economist · asked by The Economist interviewer (not named in metadata) · watch at 31:17 · transcript ·
A bumpy road; AI will do any job better, already beats ~90% of programmers; work becomes optional like gardening.
"I think work is going to be optional"
𝕏 post · 2026-07-02 · @elonmusk on X · asked by @chamath · open post ·
Replying to Chamath on intelligence becoming abundant, he said AI and robots will be able to do everything, resulting in universal high income, and work will be optional.
"AI+Robots will be able to do everything, resulting in universal high income. Work will be optional."
🎙 Interview · 2026-09 · Full: Exclusive CMG interview with Tesla CEO Elon Musk · asked by CMG interviewer · watch at 12:54 · transcript ·
The 90% likely good outcome is personal robots like C-3PO and R2-D2 plus universal high income; money may not even matter once goods and services far exceed what humans can consume.
"there will be effectively universal high income"
🎙 Interview · 2026-09 · G20 Innovation Ministerial Summit — Remarks (North Carolina) · asked by G20 Innovation Ministerial Summit · watch at 4:20 · transcript ·
He said AI will probably increase the global economy by 20 to 30%.
"I think AI will probably increase the global economy by 20 to 30%"
𝕏 post · 2026-09-14 · @elonmusk on X · open post ·
He said a welfare state plus free immigration will bankrupt any country, and AI plus robotics is the only path to universal high income for everyone on Earth.
"A welfare state and free immigration will obviously bankrupt any country. AI + robotics is the only path to universal high income for everyone on Earth."
🎙 Interview · 2026-10 · Elon Musk: "Humans Won't Be in Control" When AI Becomes Smarter Than Us · asked by Walter Isaacson · watch at 18:57 · transcript ·
He said he struggles with the question. People may find ways to be happy the way retirees do even without work. There will not be anything humans can do that AI and robots cannot do better; the analogy is gardening — you can buy food, but some people still grow their own. Asked about art, he said you could certainly create art or whatever you feel like doing.
"there won't be anything that humans can do that that the AI and the robots can't do better."

Last updated: 2026-10 (newest answer).

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